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2.inventories:2.2.counterparts:2.2.1.alternations

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2.inventories:2.2.counterparts:2.2.1.alternations [2021-08-09] László Fejes2.inventories:2.2.counterparts:2.2.1.alternations [2021-08-09] László Fejes
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   ; Nganasan    ; Nganasan 
-  : **Quasi-rounding harmony:** i : ɑ,  ɨ : ɑ, i : u̯ɑ,  ɨ : u̯ɑ, i̯ɑ : ɑ, i̯ɑ : u̯ɑ, i : y, ɨ : u |  *o : ə (In general, /ɑ/ is in the harmonic class in which all other vowels are rounded, therefore it must be analysed as phonemically rounded. In addition to that, all of its actual alternations (and almost all of those of /u̯ɑ/) are non-potential, since they alternate with high vowels, and some of these alternations are monophthong : diphthong alternations. In principle, there are three kinds of alternations. The first is the case of the potential and actual alternation of high vowels, where the two cases, the alternation of B and the alternation of F vowels are regulated by F/B harmony. The second type is in which a high unrounded vowel alternates with /ɑ/ or /u̯ɑ/. In this tipe, the Fness/Bness of the high vowel is regulated by F/B harmony, while /u̯ɑ/ occurs after /h/,((Since /u̯ɑ/ occurs almost exclusively after /h/ (and the rare exclusions seem to be mistakes), there is a good chance that /u̯ɑ/ is not a phoneme but an allomorph of /ɑ/ (Fejes 2021). However, here we follow the traditional analysis.)) /ɑ/ everywhere else. The third type is where /i̯ɑ/ alternates with /ɑ/ – or /u̯ɑ/ after /h/. It could also be debated whether  /i̯ɑ/ : /u̯ɑ/ is a potential alternating pair, since the first element of the diphthong is also different in F/B and the second element, rounded phonemically but unrounded phonetically, is not alternating. In addition,  all the alternating vowels, except for diphthongs, occur in suffixes in which they do not alternate.) **F/B harmony:** i : ɨ, u : y | *e : ə.  (Additionally, /i̯ɑ/ : /u̯ɑ/ could be a potential alternating pair, but they alternate due to quasi-rounding harmony. F/B harmony functions only when ) +  : **Quasi-rounding harmony:** i : ɑ,  ɨ : ɑ, i : u̯ɑ,  ɨ : u̯ɑ, i̯ɑ : ɑ, i̯ɑ : u̯ɑ, i : y, ɨ : u |  *o : ə (In general, /ɑ/ is in the harmonic class in which all other vowels are rounded, therefore it must be analysed as phonemically rounded. In addition to that, all of its actual alternations (and almost all of those of /u̯ɑ/) are non-potential, since they alternate with high vowels, and some of these alternations are monophthong : diphthong alternations. In principle, there are three kinds of alternations. The first is the case of the potential and actual alternation of high vowels, where the two cases, the alternation of B and the alternation of F vowels are regulated by F/B harmony. The second type is in which a high unrounded vowel alternates with /ɑ/ or /u̯ɑ/. In this type, the Fness/Bness of the high vowel is regulated by F/B harmony, while /u̯ɑ/ occurs after /h/,((Since /u̯ɑ/ occurs almost exclusively after /h/ (and the rare exclusions seem to be mistakes), there is a good chance that /u̯ɑ/ is not a phoneme but an allomorph of /ɑ/ (Fejes 2021). However, here we follow the traditional analysis.)) /ɑ/ everywhere else. The third type is where /i̯ɑ/ alternates with /ɑ/ – or /u̯ɑ/ after /h/. It could also be debated whether  /i̯ɑ/ : /u̯ɑ/ is a potential alternating pair, since the first element of the diphthong is also different in F/B and the second element, rounded phonemically but unrounded phonetically, is not alternating. In addition,  all the alternating vowels, except for diphthongs, occur in suffixes in which they do not alternate.) **F/B harmony:** i : ɨ, u : y | *e : ə.  Additionally, /i̯ɑ/ : /u̯ɑ/ could be a potential alternating pair, but they alternate due to quasi-rounding harmony. In suffixation, F/B harmony functions only when quasi-rounding harmony is also active. However, in bisyllabic stems with two high vowels, the two vowels tend two share the same F/B value, especially but not exclusively when they also share the same rounding value (Fejes 2019: 110–114).
  
   ; Kamas    ; Kamas 
-  : **F/B harmony:** ɑ : e | i : ɨ, u : y, o : ø, *ĭ : *ɑ̆ (based on Klumpp 2016: 41: Reduced vowels occur in non-initial syllables, but the do not undergo F/B harmony and the only surface form is not identified with any of the reduced vowels in initial syllable. However, a proper notation should be /: */ɑ̆or *//ɑ̆/.) **Total (full) harmony:** There is no sense to speak about alternating pairs in full harmony.+  : **F/B harmony:** ɑ : e | i : ɨ, u : y, o : ø, *ĭ : *ɑ̆ (based on Klumpp 2016: 41: Reduced vowels occur in non-initial syllables, but the do not undergo F/B harmony and the only surface form is not identified with any of the reduced vowels in initial syllable. However, a proper notation should be ĭ : *ɑ̆ or *ĭ : ɑ̆.) **Total (full) harmony:** There is no sense to speak about alternating pairs in full harmony.
  
2.inventories/2.2.counterparts/2.2.1.alternations.txt · Last modified: 2021-08-17 by László Fejes