= 2.1. Size of vowel inventories

^ ^ Finn. ^ Seto ^ Er. ^ HMr ^ MMr ^ Ud. ^ Hun. ^ SMn ^ SKh ^ VKh ^ Nga. ^ Ka. ^
^ num. | 8(+8) | 10(+10) | 5 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 9(+5) | ? | 12 | 13 | 10 | 10 (11?) |

  ; Finnish
  : i(ː), u(ː), y(ː), e(ː), o(ː), ø(ː), ɑ(ː), æ(ː)

  ; Seto
  : i(ː), ɨ(ː), u(ː), y(ː), e(ː), ɘ(ː) o(ː), ø(ː), ɑ(ː), æ(ː)

  ; Erzya
  : i, u, e, o, ɑ

  ; Hill Mari
  : i, u, y, e, o, ø, ɑ, æ, ĕ, ɘ̆ ((The symbols /ĕ/ and /ɘ̆/ are used when there is a F/B opposition, while /ə̆/ is used when there is no such.))

  ; Meadow Mari
  : i, u, y, e, o, ø, ɑ, ə̆

  ; Udmurt
  : i, u, y, e, o, ø, ɑ, æ, ĕ, ɘ̆ 

  ; Hungarian
  : i(ː), u(ː), y(ː), eː, o(ː), ø(ː), ɑː, ɒ, ɛ

  ; Southern Mansi
  : problematic

  ; Southern Khanty
  : i, u, y, e, o, ø, ɑ, æ, ĕ, ɘ̆, ŏ, ø̆ (Vértes (1977: 158) also includes /ɨ/ and /ɘ/, however, these are just allophones of /i/ and /e/, respectively, mainly due to front/back harmony.)

  ; Vakh/Vasyugan Khanty
  : i, ɨ, u, y, e, o, ø, ɑ, æ, ĕ, ɘ̆, ŏ, ø̆

  ; Nganasan
  : i, ɨ, u, y, e, o, ə, ɑ, i̯ɑ, u̯ɑ (Diphthongs are included due to their behavior similar to that of simple vowels.)

  ; Kamas
  : i, ɨ, u, y, e, o,  ø, ɑ, ?æ, ĭ, ɑ̆ (Based on Klumpp 2016: 40. Reduced vowels /ĭ/ and /ɑ̆/ may occur only in initial syllables. In addition, Klumpp also mentions a reduced vowel /ə̆/ which can occur only in non-initial syllables. However, since /ə̆/ is in a complementary distribution both with /ĭ/ and /ɑ̆/, it seems to be reasonable to analyze all non-initial syllable reduced vowels as the allophones of /ĭ/ or /ɑ̆/.)