2.inventories:2.1.size
2.1. Size of vowel inventories
| Finn. | Seto | Er. | HMr | MMr | Ud. | Hun. | SMn | SKh | VKh | Nga. | Ka. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| num. | 8(+8) | 10(+10) | 5 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 9(+5) | ? | 12 | 13 | 10 | 10 (11?) |
- Finnish
- i(ː), u(ː), y(ː), e(ː), o(ː), ø(ː), ɑ(ː), æ(ː)
- Seto
- i(ː), ɨ(ː), u(ː), y(ː), e(ː), ɘ(ː) o(ː), ø(ː), ɑ(ː), æ(ː)
- Erzya
- i, u, e, o, ɑ
- Hill Mari
- i, u, y, e, o, ø, ɑ, æ, ĕ, ɘ̆ 1)
- Meadow Mari
- i, u, y, e, o, ø, ɑ, ə̆
- Udmurt
- i, u, y, e, o, ø, ɑ, æ, ĕ, ɘ̆
- Hungarian
- i(ː), u(ː), y(ː), eː, o(ː), ø(ː), ɑː, ɒ, ɛ
- Southern Mansi
- problematic
- Southern Khanty
- i, u, y, e, o, ø, ɑ, æ, ĕ, ɘ̆, ŏ, ø̆ (Vértes (1977: 158) also includes /ɨ/ and /ɘ/, however, these are just allophones of /i/ and /e/, respectively, mainly due to front/back harmony.)
- Vakh/Vasyugan Khanty
- i, ɨ, u, y, e, o, ø, ɑ, æ, ĕ, ɘ̆, ŏ, ø̆
- Nganasan
- i, ɨ, u, y, e, o, ə, ɑ, i̯ɑ, u̯ɑ (Diphthongs are included due to their behavior similar to that of simple vowels.)
- Kamas
- i, ɨ, u, y, e, o, ø, ɑ, ?æ, ĭ, ɑ̆ (Based on Klumpp 2016: 40. Reduced vowels /ĭ/ and /ɑ̆/ may occur only in initial syllables. In addition, Klumpp also mentions a reduced vowel /ə̆/ which can occur only in non-initial syllables. However, since /ə̆/ is in a complementary distribution both with /ĭ/ and /ɑ̆/, it seems to be reasonable to analyze all non-initial syllable reduced vowels as the allophones of /ĭ/ or /ɑ̆/.)
1)
The symbols /ĕ/ and /ɘ̆/ are used when there is a F/B opposition, while /ə̆/ is used when there is no such.
2.inventories/2.1.size.txt · Last modified: 2021-08-17 by László Fejes