2.inventories:2.2.counterparts:2.2.3.differences_between_short_long_vowels_in_harmony
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2.2.3. Differences between short/long (reduced/full) vowels in harmony
Are there differences between the similar short and long (reduced and full etc.) vowels in harmony?
| Finn. | Seto | Er. | HMr | MMr | Ud. | Hun. | SMn | SKh | VKh | Nga. | Ka. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F/B | no | no | — | — | — | — | no | no? | yes | — | — | yes |
| R|T | — | — | — | — | — | — | yes | no? | — | — | — | yes? |
F/B: front/back harmony
R|T: rounding, total harmony
—: not applicable
- Hungarian
- In rounding harmony, there is /ɛ/ : /ø/ alternation, but no /eː/ : /øː/ alternation. Moreover, /ɛ/ : /ø/ alternation is always part of an /ɛ/ : /ø/ : /o/ alternation, and there is no /ø/ : /o/ alternation without an alternant /ɛ/ (at least in Standard Hungarian, it occurs in some dialects; in Standard Hungarian, there is a derivational suffix /nok/ : /nøk/ without an alternant /nɛk/,1) but its productivity is highly questionable).
- Southern Khanty
- /ĕ/ : /ɘ̆/ alternation, but [i] : [ɨ] and [e] : [ɘ] alternations are allophonic, less consistent and even B allomorphs can be followed by F alternating vowels (weak spreading strength).
- Kamas
- Full vowels exhibit F/B harmony (/ɑ/ : /e/), while the reduced vowel does not undergo F/B harmony after unrounded vowels but undergoes full harmony after rounded vowels (based on Klumpp 2016: 41).
1)
Cf. hírnök ‘messenger’ from hír ‘news’, elnök ‘president’ from el- ‘front’, mérnök ‘engineer’ from mér- ‘measure (v.)’, ülnök ‘assessor’ from ül ‘sit’, látnok ‘visionary’ from lát ‘see’, etc.
2.inventories/2.2.counterparts/2.2.3.differences_between_short_long_vowels_in_harmony.1628199178.txt.gz · Last modified: 2021-08-05 by Péter Szigetvári